Download MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM - MCB405 Past Question PDF

Topics: Bacteria, bacteria shapes, bacteria cell structures, bacteria reproduction, binary fission, bacterial survival, harmful bacteria, communicable disease, helpful bacteria, bacteria control, antiseptic, disinfectants

Topics: Industrial Microbiology, industrial microorganisms, archaea, Corynebacterium, Xanthomonas, antifoams, biological chemicals, fermentation, Ethanol Fermentation, Recombinant Products, culture techniques, Cryopreservation, culture media, Refrigeration, media formulation, Sterilization, Bioreactors, fermentation process optimization, Immobilized Cell Bioreactors, Bioreactor Media, fermenter, fermentation design, Fermentation Process

Topics: Organic Chemistry, chemical bond, quantum mechanics, atomic orbitals, electronic configuration, Pauli exclusion principle, molecular orbitals, covalent bond, hybrid orbitals, intramolecular forces, bond dissociation energy, homolysis, heterolysis, bonds polarity, melting point, intermolecular force, boiling point, solubility, acids, bases, isomerism, activation energy, hydrocarbons, methane structure, oxidation, heat of combustion, chlorination control, relative reactivity, reaction mechanisms, chlorination, free radicals, chain reactions inhibitors, transition state, molecular formula, chlorofluorocarbons, qualitative elemental analysis, quantitative elemental analysis, Alkene, free-radical substitution, ethane structure, Higher alkanes, alkyl groups, industrial source, Grignard reagent, halogenation, free radical stability, combustion, greenhouse effect, pyrolysis, cracking, alkane analysis, stereochemistry, stereoisomers, isomer number, tetrahedral carbon, optical activity, plane-polarized light, polarimeter, specific rotation, enantiomerism, chirality, chiral center, enantiomers, racemic modification, Diastereomers, meso structures, conformational isomers, optical purity, Alkyl halides, Nucleophilic aliphatic substitution, homolytic chemistry, heterolytic chemistry, Carbocations, Carbocations structure, alkyl halides analysis, alcohols, ethers, alcohol nomenclature, carbohydrates fermentation, Ethanol, alcohol preparation, alcohol reaction, alcohol oxidation, ethers preparation, Secondary Bonding, carbon-carbon double bond, Unsaturated hydrocarbon, ethylene structure, Propylene, Hybridization, orbital size, butylene, Geometric isomerism, alcohol dehydration, alkene reaction, hydrogen bromide addition, Hydrogenation, Electrophilic addition, Oxymercuration-demercuration, Hydroboration-oxidation, Alkene Free-radical polymerization, allylic Nucleophilic substitution, dienes, isoprene, isoprene rule, acetylene, Cyclic Aliphatic Compounds, cyclic compound stereoisomerism, cyclic ether, crown ethers, aromaticity, Benzene, aliphatic compounds, aromatic compounds, benzene structure, Kekule structure, Benzene ring, aromatic character, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, Naphthalene, Quantitative elemental analysis, Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution, Friedel-Crafts alkylation mechanism, naphthalene electrophilic substitution, Aromatic-Aliphatic Compounds, Arenes, Spectroscopy, mass spectrum, electromagnetic spectrum, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, coupling consonants, chemical shift, aldehydes, ketones, Cannizaro reaction, Grignard reagents addition, Tetrahydropyranyl ethers, Iodoform test, Carboxylic Acids, Grignard synthesis, Dicarboxylic acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, amides, esters, Transesterification, Aldol condensation, Wittig reaction, Crossed Claisen condensation, halides, ammonolysis, amide Hofmann degradation, Heterocyclic amines

Topics: Thermochemistry, Chemical Kinetics, heat flow, heat of reaction, exothermic process, endothermic process, enthalpy change, enthalpy, Enthalpies of Reaction, thermochemical equations, calorimetry, Hess's law, Standard Enthalpies of Formation, fuels, rate of reaction, Temperature of Reaction, reaction rate

Topics: Food microbiology, food fermentation, food spoilage, microbial growth, Biofilm Formation, Microbial Sporulation, microbial Germination, mold spores, yeast spores, bacterial spores, gene transfer, gene cloning, plasmids, Protein Targeting, Protein Engineering, Genome Mapping, genome Sequencing, lactic acid bacteria, Bioengineered Bacteriocins, Drug-Delivery System, Bacteriophages, cell death, cell injury, Fermented Food Production, Fermented Dairy Products, Fermented Milk Products, Yogurt Fermentation, cheeses, cottage cheese, Cheddar Cheese, Fermented Meat Products, Fermented Vegetable Products, Intestinal Bacteria, Probiotics, Bioengineered Probiotics, Food Preservatives, Food Packaging, liposomes, Nanoencapsulation, Microbial Proteins, Food Additives, Single-Cell Proteins, amino acids, Nutraceuticals, Vitamins, Flavor Compounds, Flavor Enhancers, Exopolysaccharides, Microbial Food Spoilage, Food Spoilage Molds, Food Spoilage Yeasts, Eggs, Egg Products, Fish, Crustaceans, Mollusks, Microbial Food Spoilage indicators, microbial foodborne disease, Foodborne Intoxications, Foodborne Bacterial Infections, Salmonella enterica, Listeria monocytogenes, Pathogenic Escherichia coli, Shigella Species, Campylobacter Species, Yersinia enterocolitica, Foodborne Toxico-Infections, Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus cereus, Vibrio cholerae, Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Opportunistic Bacterial Pathogens, Aeromonas hydrophila, Plesiomonas shigelloides, molds, mycotoxins, parasites

Topics: Cellular respiration, respiratory quotient, Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Anaerobic Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, Alcoholic Fermentation, Lactic Acid Fermentation, Fat Respiration, Protein Respiration, pyruvic acid, pyruvate

Topics: elements, compounds, atomic theory, chemical reaction, atom constituents, chemical symbols, chemical formulae, chemical reactions, chemical equations, electronic configuration, atomic number, mass numbers, nuclear atom, electronic, energy levels, Ion formations, nuclear reactions, radioactivity, nuclear radiations, nuclear fusion, nuclear fission, radioactivity hazards, chemical bonding, electrovalent bonding, Ionic bonding, electrovalent compounds, covalent bonding, covalent compounds, coordinate covalent bonding, dative covalent bonding, metallic bonding, intermolecular bonding, Van der Waal's forces, dipole-dipole attractions, hydrogen bonding, periodic table, periodic law, transition elements, atomic orbital model, principal quantum number, subsidiary quantum number, azimuthal quantum number, magnetic quantum number, spin quantum number, atomic orbital shape, atomic size, ionic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, mole concept, melting, vaporization, boiling point, evaporation sublimation, heating graphs, cooling graphs, Boyle's law, Charles's law, Avogadro's law, boiling, solid classification, solid properties, molecular solid, metallic solid, Ionic solid, covalent solid, energy changes, heat content, heat of reaction, exothermic reactions, energy level diagrams, standard state, thermochemical equations, entropy, entropy change, free energy, chemical kinetic, rate of a chemical reaction, temperature, gas pressure, catalyst, activation, reaction rate, collision theory, Le Chatelier's principle, Haber process, contact process, salt hydrolysis, buffer solutions, common Ion effect, solubility product, Acid bases, salt, electrolysis, redox reactions, electrolytic conduction, oxidation, reduction, copper purification, electroplating, quantitative hydrolysis, metal corrosion, iron rusting, carbon, carbon allotropes, Diamond graphite, amorphous carbon, combustion reactions, industrial gas chemistry, metals, alloys, chemical industry, heavy chemicals, fine chemicals, fertilizers, plastics, soaps, detergents, pharmaceuticals, Nigerian chemical industry, aromatic compounds, Alicyclic compound, heterocyclic compound, homologous series, functional groups, isomerism, structural isomerism, geometric isomerism, IUPAC Nomenclature of organic compounds, purification methods, distillation, crystallization, chromatography, empirical formula, molecular formular, alkanes, natural gas, petroleum crude oil, benzene, fractional distillation petrol quality, cracking, isomerization, petrochemicals, alkanols, alkanoic acid, alkenoate, fat, oils, amino acid, polymer chemistry, polymerization processes, condensation polymerization, resins, natural polymers, carbohydrates, proteins, synthetic polymers, water pollution

Topics: Food Microbiology, food preservation, food spoilage, food poisoning, food legislation, microbial growth, fresh meats, poultry, microbial spoilage, processed meats, sea foods, vegetable, fruit products, milk, fermentation, fermented diary products, Acetic Acid Bacteria, Lactic Acid Bacteria, Dairy Products, Probiotics, Prebiotics, lactose intolerance, nondairy fermented foods, meat products, fish products, breads, plant products, food protection, food sanitizers, Radappertization, food microbial quality, food safety, Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point System, food borne diseases, Staphylococcal Gastroenteritis, Foodborne Listeriosis, Foodborne Gastroenteritis, Salmonellosis, Shigellosis, Yersiniosis, Campylobacteriosis, Foodborne Animal Parasites, protozoa, flatworms, roundworms, Mycotoxins, virus, bacteria

Topics: Bacteria, Aerobic Gram-Positive Cocci, Aerobic Gram-Positive Rods, Acid-Fast Bacteria, Aerobic Gram-Negative Cocci, Coccobacilli, Aerobic Fermentative Gram-Negative Rods, Aerobic Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Rods, Anaerobic Bacteria, Spiral-Shaped Bacteria, Intracellular Bacteria, virus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Human Herpesvirus, Respiratory Virus, Hepatitis Virus, Gastrointestinal Virus, Systemic Dimorphic Fungi, Opportunistic Fungi, parasites, protozoa, nematodes, trematodes, cestodes, arthropods, Antibacterial Agents, Staphylococcus aureus, β-Hemolytic Streptococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Viridans Streptococci, Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Acid-Fast Organisms, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae, Mycobacterium avium Complex, Nocardia Species, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Eikenella corrodens, Kingella kingae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Bordetella pertussis, Francisella tularensis, Brucella Species, cutaneous Fungi, Subcutaneous Fungi, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella Species, Shigella Species, Yersinia pestis, Vibrio cholerae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cepacia, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Clostridium tetani, Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium difficile, Bacteroides fragilis, Campylobacter jejuni, Helicobacter pylori, Treponema pallidum, Borrelia burgdorferi, Leptospira Species, Rickettsia rickettsii, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia trachomatis, Herpes Simplex Virus, Varicella-Zoster Virus, Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus, Human Herpesviruses, Rhinoviruses, Coronaviruses, Influenza Viruses, Paramyxoviridae, Parainfluenza Viruses, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human Metapneumovirus, Adenovirus, Rotavirus, Norovirus, Sapovirus, Astrovirus

Topics: Bright-Field Light Microscope, Bacterial Motility, Dark-Field Light Microscope, Phase-Contrast Light Microscope, Fluorescence Microscope, Bacterial Morphology, Smear Preparation, Simple Staining, negative staining, gram strain, Acid-Fast Staining, Endospore Staining, Capsule Staining, Flagella Staining, Microbiological Culture Media, Spread-Plate Technique, Streak-Plate Technique, Anaerobic Bacteria cultivation, Fermentation, Triple Sugar Iron Agar Test, carbohydrates, Starch Hydrolysis, Lipid Hydrolysis, protein, amino acid, Hydrogen Sulfide Production, Casein Hydrolysis, Gelatin Hydrolysis, Catalase Activity, Coagulase Activity, DNase Activity, Amino Acids, Urease Activity, Lysine test, Ornithine Decarboxylase Test, Phenylalanine Deamination, Nitrate Reduction, Osmotic Pressure, temperature, Hand Washing, Environmental Sampling, Microbiological Monitoring, Environmental Microbiology, Food Microbiology, Standard Coliform Most Probable Number Test, Presence-Absence Coliform Test, bacterial count, Medical Microbiology, Agglutination Reactions, Blood Groups, Staphylococci, Pneumococci, Streptococci, Neisseriae, Fungi, yeasts, Phycomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Microbial Genetics, Genomics, Bacterial Mutation, Bacterial Transformation, bacterial conjugation

Topics: aqueous solution, acid-base reaction, bronsted-lowry theory, precipitation reaction, complexation reaction, oxidation-reduction reaction, qualitative inorganic analysis, reaction of cations, reaction of anions, systematic qualitative analysis, semimicro qualitative analysis

Topics: life, water, cell, membrane structure, membrane function, metabolism, cellular respiration, fermentation, photosynthesis, cell communication, cell cycle, genetics, meiosis, Mendel, inheritance, gene expression, Virus, DNA tools, Biotechnology, genomes, evolution, phylogeny, bacteria, Archea, prostist, plant diversity, animal diversity, invertebrate, vascular plant structure, soil nutrition, plant nutrition, angiosperm reproduction, plant form, plant function, animal form, animal function, animal nutrition, gas exchange, immune system, osmoregulation, excretion, hormone, endocrine system, animal production, animal development, neuron, synapse, signaling, nervous system, sensory, motor mechanism, animal behavior, ecology, global change

Topics: Atom, Molecule, Ion, Stoichiometry, chemical reaction, gas, thermochemistry, atomic structure, periodicity, bonding, covalent bond, orbital, liquid, solid, solution, chemical kinetics, chemical equilibrium, acid, base, acid-base equilibria, solubility, Complex Ion Equilibria, Spontaneity, Entropy, Free Energy, Electrochemistry, Nucleus, Representative Element, transition metal, coordination chemistry, organic molecule, biological molecule, Dalton’s Atomic Theory, Periodic Table, Atomic Mass, mole, molar mass, chemical equation, stochiometric calculation, Precipitation Reaction, acid-base reaction, oxidation-reduction reaction, gas law

Topics: Chemical Kinetics, rates of reaction, Rate constant, integrated rate law, zero order reaction, First-order rate law, Temperature Dependence of Reaction Rates, Collision Theory, Transition state Theory, Complex Reactions, chain reactions, reversible reactions, opposing reactions, Consecutive Reaction, side reaction

Topics: Chemolithotrophs, Nitrifying bacteria, Sulphur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria, Methanotrophic bacteria

Topics: chemical equilibria, acid, base, weak acid, polyprotic acid, polyprotic base, aqueous equilibria, buffer, titrations, electrochemistry, redox reaction, galvanic cells, electrolytic cells, chemical kinetics, reaction rates, reaction mechanisms, catalysis, periodic trends, hydrogen, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, boron family, carbon family, nitrogen family, oxygen family, halogens, noble gases, nuclear radiation, nuclear energy, d-Block elements, coordination compounds, organic chemistry, hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, polymers, biological compounds, nuclear chemistry, nuclear decay

Topics: stoichiometry, mole concept, gases, reacting mass, reacting volume, atomic structure, nuclear atom, electron configuration, periodicity, periodic table, periodic trends, chemical bonding, chemical structure, ionic bonding, ionic structure, covalent bonding, covalent structures, intermolecular forces, metallic bonding, thermochemistry, Hess's law, bond enthalpies, chemical kinetics, collision theory, rate of reaction, equilibrium, acid, base, pH scale, strong acid, strong base, acid deposition, redox process, oxidation, reduction redox processes.electrochemical cells, organic chemistry, functional group chemistry, periodic table, transition metals, chemical bonding, chemical structure, hybridization, energy cycles, entropy, spontaneity, reaction mechanis, .activation energy, Lewis acid, Lewis base, organic chemistry

Topics: hydrocarbon, alkane, alkene, alkyne, principal chain, ether, thioether, alcohol, acid, salt of acid, acid anhydride, ester, ester, acid halide, amide, nitrile, aldehyde, ketone, amine, ammonium salt, aromatic compound, aromatic hydrocarbon, carboxylic acid, phenol, thiophenol, sulfonic acid, aromatic amine, diazonium salt, alkyl halide, grignard reagent

Topics: Organ Systems, Cells, Organelles, Microbiota, Organ Systems, Water, Acids, Bases, Buffers, H+ Concentration, Disorders of Protein Misfolding, Protein Structure, Precursor Proteins, active protein, Proteolysis, Protease Inhibitors, Protein Folding, Autophagy, Protein Misfolding, Fibrillogenic Diseases, Chemical Kinetics, Thermodynamics, Enzymes, Enzyme RegulationActive Site, Enzyme–Substrate Complex, Michaelis–Menten Model, Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions, Irreversible Inhibition, Inhibition, Clinical Enzymology, Biomarkers of Tissue Injury, Tissue Injury, Serum, Plasma Markers, Tissue Damage, Simple Carbohydrates, Simple Carbohydrates, Heteropolysaccharides, Glycoconjugates, Glycoproteins, Glycolipids, Cell Membrane Constituents, Cell-Surface Glycoproteins, Serum Glycoproteins, Connective Tissue, Fibrous Protein, Nonfibrous Protein, Proteoglycan, Gastrointestinal Digestion, Gastrointestinal Absorption, Gastrointestinal Tract, Gastrointestinal Hormones, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Glycolysis, Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle, Glycolysis, Pyruvate Metabolism, Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle, Electron Transport Chain, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Oxygen-Consuming Systems, Mitochondrial Structure, Mitochondrial Genome, Respiratory Chain Expression, Mitochondrial Diseases, Gluconeogenesis, Glycogen Synthesis, glycogen Breakdown, Alternative Pathways, Hexose Interconversion, Amino Acid Metabolism, Metabolism of Ammonia, Lipid, fatty acid, Eicosanoid, Fatty Acid Oxidation, Unsaturated Fatty Acid, Trans-Fatty Acid, Essential Fatty Acid, Phospholipids, Glycosphingolipids, Cholesterol, Phosphatidylcholine, Phosphosphingolipid, Catabolism, Storage Disorders of Sphingolipids, Sphingolipids, Acetyl-Coa, Hmg-Coa, Plasma Lipoprotein, Contractile Systems, Muscle Systems, Nonmuscle Systems, Energy Metabolism, Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, Chromosomes, Chromatin, DNA, Recombinant DNA Technology, DNA Replication, DNA Repair, DNA Mutation, Protein Synthesis, RNA, Messenger RNA, Prokaryotic Transcription, Genetic Code, tRNA Molecule, Ribosomes, Gene Expression, mRNA Synthesis, Gene Regulation, Nucleotide Metabolism

Topics: Fluid mosaic model of membrane, plasma membrane, Lipids components, Membrane proteins component, Membrane Dynamics, cell membrane