Microbial World Lecture note by MCB PDF free download

MCB Microbial World Lecture note PDF, was published in 2020 and uploaded for 200-level Science and Technology students of Federal University of Technology, Owerri (FUTO), offering MCB201 course. This ebook can be downloaded for FREE online on this page.

Microbial World Lecture note ebook can be used to learn Archaea, protozoa, virus, viroid, prioms, Algae, fungi, bacteria.

Technical Details
Updated at:
Size: 2.65 MB
Number of points needed for download: 11
Number of downloads: 27

Books related to Microbial World Lecture note

Basic medical microbiology

Author: Patrick Murray

School: Edo University

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB315

Topics: Bacteria, Aerobic Gram-Positive Cocci, Aerobic Gram-Positive Rods, Acid-Fast Bacteria, Aerobic Gram-Negative Cocci, Coccobacilli, Aerobic Fermentative Gram-Negative Rods, Aerobic Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Rods, Anaerobic Bacteria, Spiral-Shaped Bacteria, Intracellular Bacteria, virus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Human Herpesvirus, Respiratory Virus, Hepatitis Virus, Gastrointestinal Virus, Systemic Dimorphic Fungi, Opportunistic Fungi, parasites, protozoa, nematodes, trematodes, cestodes, arthropods, Antibacterial Agents, Staphylococcus aureus, β-Hemolytic Streptococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Viridans Streptococci, Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Acid-Fast Organisms, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae, Mycobacterium avium Complex, Nocardia Species, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Eikenella corrodens, Kingella kingae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Bordetella pertussis, Francisella tularensis, Brucella Species, cutaneous Fungi, Subcutaneous Fungi, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella Species, Shigella Species, Yersinia pestis, Vibrio cholerae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cepacia, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Clostridium tetani, Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium difficile, Bacteroides fragilis, Campylobacter jejuni, Helicobacter pylori, Treponema pallidum, Borrelia burgdorferi, Leptospira Species, Rickettsia rickettsii, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia trachomatis, Herpes Simplex Virus, Varicella-Zoster Virus, Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus, Human Herpesviruses, Rhinoviruses, Coronaviruses, Influenza Viruses, Paramyxoviridae, Parainfluenza Viruses, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human Metapneumovirus, Adenovirus, Rotavirus, Norovirus, Sapovirus, Astrovirus

Textbook of microbiology

Author: Surinder kumar

School: Federal University of Technology, Owerri

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB201, MCB202, MCB 301

Topics: Microbiology, Microscopy, Morphology of Bacteria, Physiology of Bacteria, Sterilization, Disinfection, culture media, Culture Methods, bacterial culture, bacterial taxonomy, infection, immunity, immunology, antigens, antibodies, immunoglobulins, complement system, Antigen-Antibody Reactions, Immune Response, immune system, Immunodeficiency Diseases, Hypersensitivity Reactions, autoimmunity, Immunohematology, Systemic Bacteriology, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Pneumococcus, Diplococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria, Moraxella, Corynebacterium, bacillus, Clostridium, Nonsporing Anaerobes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae, Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Actinomycetes, Nocardia, Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Proteus, shigella, Tribe Proteae, salomonella, Vibrio, Aeromonas, Pleisomonas, Campylobacter, Helicobacter, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Burkholderia, Legionella, Yersinia, Pasteurella, Francisella, Haemophilus, Bordetella, brucella, Spirochetes, Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma, Miscellaneous Bacteria, Rickettsiaceae, Bartonellaceae, Coxiella, Virology, Virus-Host Interactions, Viral Infections, Laboratory Diagnosis, Prophylaxis, Chemotherapy of Viral Diseases, Bacteriophages, Poxviruses, Herpesviruses, Adenoviruses, Papovaviruses, parvovirus, picornaviruses, Orthomyxovirus, Paramyxoviruses, Arboviruses, Rhabdoviruses, Hepatitis Viruses, RetrovirusesHuman Immunodeficiency Virus, Slow Virus, Prion Diseases, Oncogenic Viruses, Medical Mycology, Systemic Mycoses, Opportunistic Mycoses, Mycotoxicosis, Infective Syndrome.Hospital-Acquired Infection, Antimicrobial Therapy, Antibiotic Sensitivity Tests, Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Immunoprophylaxis, Hospital Waste Management, Molecular Detection of Microorganisms, Diagnostic Medical Microbiology

Introduction to Fungi, 3rd edition

Author: John Webster, Roland Weber

School: Edo University

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB311

Topics: Fungi, protozoa, Myxomycota, slime moulds, Acrasiomycetes, Dictyosteliomycetes, Protosteliomycetes, Myxomycetes, Plasmodiophoromycota, Plasmodiophorales, Haptoglossa, Straminipila, minor fungal phyla, straminipilous flagellum, Hyphochytriomycota, Labyrinthulomycota, Oomycota, Saprolegniales, Peronosporales, Pythiales, Sclerosporaceae, Chytridiomycota, Chytridiales, Spizellomycetales, Neocallimastigales, rumen fungi, Blastocladiales, Monoblepharidales, Zygomycota, Zoopagales, Entomophthorales, Glomales, Trichomycetes, Ascomycota, ascomycetes, Archiascomycetes, Taphrinales, Schizosaccharomycetales, Pneumocystis, Hemiascomycetes, Saccharomyces, Saccharomycetaceae, Candida, anamorphic Saccharomycetales, Pichia, Galactomyces, Dipodascaceae, Plectomycetes, Hymenoascomycetes, Pyrenomycetes, Erysiphales, Pezizales, operculate discomycetes, Helotiales, inoperculate discomycetes, Lichenized fungi, Loculoascomycetes, Basidiomycota, Homobasidiomycetes, Heterobasidiomycetes, Urediniomycetes, Uredinales, Ustilaginomycetes, smut fungi, Basidiomycete yeasts, Anamorphic fungi

Introduction to Bacteria

Author: AO Adekanmbi

School: University of Ibadan

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB121

Topics: Bacteria, bacteria shapes, bacteria cell structures, bacteria reproduction, binary fission, bacterial survival, harmful bacteria, communicable disease, helpful bacteria, bacteria control, antiseptic, disinfectants

GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY 1 MATERIAL

Author: MCB201

School: Federal University of Technology, Owerri

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB201

Topics: Bacteria, fungi, microorganisms

lecture note on Virus and bacteria lecture note[Plant diversity]

Author: PLB

School: University of Ilorin

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: PLB108

Topics: virus, bacteria

Brock Biology of Microorganisms ,16th edition

Author: Michael Madigan, Jennifer Aiyer, Daniel Buckley, Matthew Sattley, David Stahl

School: University of Ilorin

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB211, MCB315

Topics: Microorganisms, microbial cell structure, microbial cell function, microbial microbial growth, virus, molecular information flow, protein processing, microbial regulatory systems, Bacteria genetics, Archaea genetics, microbial genomics, viral genomics, viral diversity, biotechnology, synthetic biology, microbial evolution, genome dynamics, bacteria, archaea, Microbial Eukarya, microbial ecosystems, nutrient cycles, Microbial symbioses, microbes, plants, animals, Microbial infection, Microbial pathogenesis, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, immune disorders, antimicrobial therapy, infectious disease, epidemiology, public health, bacterial disease, viral disease, Eukaryotic Pathogens, Fungi, Protozoa, Helminths

Lippincott Illustrated Reviews Microbiology, 4th edition

Author: Cynthia Nau Cornelissen, Marcia Metzgar Hobbs

School: Edo University

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB211

Topics: Microbiology, Flora, pathogenicity, diagnostic microbiology, vaccines, antimicrobial agent, bacteria, bacterial structure, bacteria growth, bacteria metabolism, bacterial genetics, Staphylococci, Streptococci, Gram-Positive Rods, Neisseriae, Gastrointestinal Gram-Negative Rods, Clostridia, Anaerobic Rods, Spirochetes, Mycoplasma, Chlamydiae, Mycobacteria, Actinomycetes, Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Coxiella, Helminths, fungi, parasites, protozoa, viruses, DNA virus, Nonenveloped DNA Viruses, Enveloped DNA Viruses, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis D, Positive-Strand RNA Viruses, Retroviruses, Negative-Strand RNA Viruses, Double-Stranded RNA Viruses, Reoviridae, Unconventional Infectious Agents

Introduction to microbiology

Author: MCB FUNAAB

School: Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB111

Topics: microbiology, branches of microbiology, applied microbiology, Modern Microbiology, microorganisms, algae, protozoa, fungi, bacteria, virus

Microbiology, 13th Edition

Author: Gerard Tortora, Berdell Funke, Christine Case

School: Edo University

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB211

Topics: Microbiology, microbial metabolism, microbial growth, microbial genetics biotechnology, DNA technology, microorganisms classification, prokaryotes, domains bacteria, archaea, Eukaryotes, fungi, algae, protozoa, Helminths, epidemiology, pathogenicity, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, antimicrobial drugs, microbial diseases, human disease, environmental microbiology, applied microbiology, industrial microbiology

Medical Microbiology, 9th edition

Author: Patrick Murray, Ken Rosenthal, Michael Pfaller

School: Edo University

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB315

Topics: Medical Microbiology, human microbiome, sterilization, disinfection, antisepsis, microscopy, molecular diagnosis, serologic diagnosis, immune response, innate host responses, Antigen-Specific Immune Responses, Antimicrobial Vaccines, bacteriology, Bacterial Metabolism, bacterial Genetics, Antibacterial Agents, Staphylococcus, Gram-Positive Cocci, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Bacillus, Listeria, Mycobacterium, Acid-Fast Bacteria, Neisseria, Haemophilus, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, vibrio, Campylobacter, Helicobacter, Gram-Negative Rods, Clostridium, Non–Spore-Forming Anaerobic Bacteria, Treponema, Borrelia, Leptospira, Mycoplasma, Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Chlamydia, virology, Viral Pathogenesis, Antiviral Agents, Infection Control, Papillomaviruses, Polyomaviruses, Adenoviruses, Human Herpesviruses, Poxviruses, Parvoviruses, Picornaviruses, Coronaviruses, Noroviruses, Paramyxoviruses, Orthomyxoviruses, Rhabdoviruses, Filoviruses, Bornaviruses, Reoviruses, Togaviruses, Flaviviruses, Bunyaviridae, Arenaviridae, Retroviruses, Hepatitis Viruses, Prion Diseases, mycology, Fungi, Antifungal Agents, Superficial Mycoses, Cutaneous Mycoses, Subcutaneous Mycoses, Opportunistic Mycoses, Parasitology, Antiparasitic Agents, Intestinal Protozoa, Urogenital Protozoa, Nematodes, Trematodes, cestodes, Arthropods

Nester's Microbiology, 9th edition

Author: Deborah Allen, Denise Anderson, Sarah Salm

School: Edo University

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB311

Topics: Microbiology, microscopy, cell structure, microbial growth, microbial metabolism, fueling cell growth, Bacterial genetics. biotechnology, bacteria, archaea, virus, viroid, prion, innate immune response, adaptive immune response, immunological disorders, epidemiology, antimicrobial medications, infectious diseases, respiratory system infections, skin infection, wound infection, digestive system infections, blood infections, lymphatic infections, nervous system infections, genitourinary tract infections, applied microbiology, microbial ecology, environmental microbiology, wastes, food microbiology

Microbiology

Author: Michael Pelczar, ECS Chan, Noel Krieg

School: Edo University

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB312

Topics: Microbiology, microorganisms, bacteria, microbial physiology, microbial metabolism, bacterial genetics, Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, virus, environmental microbiology, industrial microbiology, aquatic microbiology

Clinical microbiology made ridiculously simple, 6th edition

Author: Mark Gladwin, Bill Trattler, Scott Mahan

School: University of Nigeria, Nsukka

Department: Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health science

Course Code: MIC301, MIC302, MIC303, MIC401, MIC402, MIC404, MIC405, INTEGRATED PAPER200

Topics: bacteria, bacterial taxonomy, cell structure, virulence factor, toxins, bacterial genetics, STREPTOCOCCUS, STAPHYLOCOCCUS, BACILLUS, CLOSTRIDIUM, SPORE-FORMING RODS, Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, neisseria, enterics, hospital-acquired gram negatives, haemophilus, bordertella, legionella, yersinia, franciella, brucella, pasteurella, chlamydia, rickettsia, spirochetes, acid-fast bacteria, mycobacterium, mycoplasma, anti-bacterial medications, penicillin family antibiotics, anti-ribosomal antibiotics, anti-TB antibiotics, Anti leprosy antibiotics, antibiotics, fungi, anti-fungi, virus, viral replication, viral taxonomy, orthomyxo, paramyxoviridae, hepatitis viridae, retroviridae, HIV, AIDS, Herpesviridae, DNA Virus, RNA virus, anti-viral medication, parasites, protozoa, helminth, prion, antimicrobial resistance, bioterrorism

Microbiology, 5th edition

Author: Lansing Prescott

School: Edo University

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB312

Topics: Microbiology, Microbial Structure, Microscopy, Specimen Preparation, Prokaryotic Cell, Eukaryotic Cell, Microbial Nutrition, Microbial Growth, Metabolism, Energy, Enzymes, Energy Release, energy Conservation, microbial molecular biology, genetics, genes, gene replication, gene mutation, gene expression, gene regulation, microbial recombination, microbial plasmids, DNA technology, genomics, Recombinant DNA Technology, microbial genomics, viruses, Bacteriophages, Microbial Taxonomy, archaea, Deinococci, Nonproteobacteria Gram Negatives, Proteobacteria, Fungi, Eumycota, Slime Molds, Water Molds. algae, protozoa, ecology, symbiosis, Normal Microbiota Resistance, Nonspecific Host Resistance, Specific Immunity, Medical Immunology, Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Clinical Microbiology, microbial diseases, food microbiology, industrial microbiology, Biotechnology

Biology, 11th edition

Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana Martin, Linda Berg

School: Federal University of Technology, Owerri

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: BIO101, BIO206, BIO301, BIO304, BIO311, BIO313, ZLY106, ZLY306, ZOO114

Topics: Atoms, Molecules, cell, Biological Membrane, cell Communication, Energy, Metabolism, photosynthesis, ATP, Chromosomes, Mitosis, Meiosis, heredity, DNA, Gene expression, Gene regulation, Gene, DNA technology, Genome, genetic, Evolution, Darwinian Evolution, Evolutionary Change, Speciation, Macroevolution, primate, virus, bacteria, archaea, protist, seedless plant, seed plant, fungi, Animal Diversity, Sponges, Cnidaria, Ctenophore, Protostome, Deuterostome, Plant Structure, Plant growth, Plant development, leaf structure, leaf function, root, stem, flower, Neural Signaling, sensory system, internal transport, immune system, Gas exchange, Processing food, osmoregulation, Immune system, nutrition, Endocrine regulation, reproduction, ecology, ecosystem, Animal development, Animal behavior

The eukaryotic protists

Author: CU Nnajide

School: University of Nigeria, Nsukka

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: BIO151

Topics: eukaryotic protists, Eukaryotes, Ascomycetes, fungi, Zygomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Oomycetes, Deuteromycetes, algae, Phylum Chlorophyta, Classification of Algae, Phylum Euglenophyta, Phylum Chrysophyta, Phylum Dinoflagellata, Pyrrophyta, Phylum Phaeophyta, Phylum Rhodophyta, Protozoa, Mastigophora, sacrodina, Ciliophora, Apicomplexa

Microbiology with Diseases by Taxonomy ,Fifth Global Edition

Author: Robert Bauman

School: University of Nigeria, Nsukka

Department: Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health science

Course Code: MIC301, MIC302, MIC303, MIC401, MIC402, MIC404, MIC405, INTEGRATED PAPER200

Topics: cell structure, cell function, Prokaryotic Cells, Eukaryotic Cells, atoms, chemical bonds, chemical reactions, Water, Acids, Bases, Salts, Photosynthesis, Carbohydrate Catabolism, metabolic functions, microbial nutrition, microbial growth, microbial metabolism, microbial genetics, gene function, Genomes, genetic recombination, genetic transfer, Recombinant DNA Technology, Microbial Control, Antimicrobial Drugs, Protozoa, fungi, algae, water molds, Parasitic Helminths, Vectors, viroid, prion, virus, viral replication, infectious disease, innate immunity, Epidemiology, infection, Pathogenic Gram-Positive Bacteria, immunization, immune testing, serological tests, antigens, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, Vibrios, Patogenic Gram-Negative Cocci, Bacilli, Pathogenic Fungi, Pathogenic RNA Viruses, parasite, vector, Environmental Microbiology, applied microbiology, Food Microbiology, Industrial Microbiology, Papillomaviridae, Polyomaviridae, Adenoviridae, Hepadnaviridae, Parvoviridae, Propionibacterium

Virology

Author: King stephen

School: University of Ilorin

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB316

Topics: Virology, virus, viral protein, viral shape structure, animal viruses, RNA virus family, arboviruses, roboviruses, viral replication, detective viruses, retroviridae family, human immunodeficiency virus, Herpes simplex virus, Rhabdoviridae, measles, rubeola, paramyxoviruses, dengue virus

Modern Food Microbiology, 7th Edition

Author: James Jay, Martin Loessner, David Golden

School: Edo University

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB411

Topics: Food Microbiology, food preservation, food spoilage, food poisoning, food legislation, microbial growth, fresh meats, poultry, microbial spoilage, processed meats, sea foods, vegetable, fruit products, milk, fermentation, fermented diary products, Acetic Acid Bacteria, Lactic Acid Bacteria, Dairy Products, Probiotics, Prebiotics, lactose intolerance, nondairy fermented foods, meat products, fish products, breads, plant products, food protection, food sanitizers, Radappertization, food microbial quality, food safety, Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point System, food borne diseases, Staphylococcal Gastroenteritis, Foodborne Listeriosis, Foodborne Gastroenteritis, Salmonellosis, Shigellosis, Yersiniosis, Campylobacteriosis, Foodborne Animal Parasites, protozoa, flatworms, roundworms, Mycotoxins, virus, bacteria

Past Questions related to Microbial World Lecture note

GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY 1-2012-2019

Year: 2019

School: Federal University of Technology, Owerri

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB201

Topics: microbiology, microbes, DNA, RNA, microscope, bacteria, Krebs cycle, metabolism, culture, protein, antiseptic, antibiotics

GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY 2

Year: 2018

School: Federal University of Technology, Owerri

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB202

Topics: cell, bacteria, virus, DNA, nucleic acid, protozoa, tract, algae, enzyme

Plant Diversity (Forms and Functions) Continuous assessment and exam

Year: 2017

School: University of Ilorin

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: PLB108

Topics: spermatophyte, genera, plant, angiosperm, gymnosperm, flower, seed, root, algae, lichen, fungi, mushroom, basidiospore, Abiogenesis, Bacteria, Virus

50 Virus Questions

Year: 2020

School: University of Ilorin

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: PLB108

Topics: Virus

BACTERIOLOGY

Year: 2019

School: Federal University of Technology, Owerri

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB301

Topics: bacteria, DNA, solution, hypotonic solution, hypertonic solution, archaea

Microorganisms and Seedless Plants Mock exam

Year: 2018

School: University of Ilorin

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB205

Topics: Algae, prokaryote, enzyme, phospholipid, protein, virus, bacteria

1800+ Biology Questions

Year: 2020

School: Federal University, Oye-Ekiti

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: BIO101

Topics: Biology, biochemistry, water, mineral salts, carbohydrates, lipids, protein, enzymes, nucleic acid, cell biology, cell structure, cell membrane, cytoskeleton, cell movement, cell secretion, cell digestion, cell nucleus, cell division, photosynthesis, cell respiration, protein synthesis, microbiology, bacteria, protist, fungi, virus, zoology, life kingdoms, poriferans, cnidarians, Platyhelminthes, nematodes, annelids, Arthropods, molluscs, echinoderms, chordates, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, histology, blood, metabolism, Homeostasis, nutrition, vitamins, digestive system, immune system, respiratory system, circulatory system, Epithelia, Gametogenesis, embryology, Embryonic Development, Extraembryonic Membranes, botany, Plant Classification, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms, plant tissues, Plant Physiology, genetics, Mendel's Laws, Non-mendelian Inheritance, Sex Determination, Sex-Linked Inheritance, blood types, Karyotype, Genetic Diseases, Hardy-Weinberg Principle, genetic engineering, evolution, ecology, disease

Aquatic flora (Microphytes, algae)

Year: 2020

School: Federal University of Technology, Owerri

Department: Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine

Course Code: FAT301

Topics: Aquatic flora, Microphytes, Algae, vascular plants, non-vascular plants, algal blooms, planktonic organisms, aquatic organisms

Microbial Ecology

Year: 2015

School: University of Ilorin

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB206

Topics: Microbial Ecology, Fungus, fungi, respiratory bacteria, air microflora, air pollution, ecological niche, fresh water environments, fresh water lake

45 Plant Diversity, Forms and Functions

Year: 2020

School: University of Ilorin

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: PLB108

Topics: Bacteria, lichen, fungi

ANALYTICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND QUALITY CONTROL-2014-2019

Year: 2019

School: Federal University of Technology, Owerri

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB401

Topics: quality assurance, quality control, regulation, bioassay, bacteria, culture, microbiological standard, microbiological specification

MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM

Year: 2019

School: Federal University of Technology, Owerri

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB405

Topics: membrane, bacteria, fermentation, acid, reaction, ammonia

MCB509-TEST

Year: 2018

School: Federal University of Technology, Owerri

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: MCB509

Topics: Microbial interactions, bacteria, polymorphism, Restriction fragment length polymorphism, biogeochemical, methanotrophs, nitrification, food chain, abiotic, biotic

General Biology Practical

Year: 2015

School: University of Nigeria, Nsukka

Department: Science and Technology

Course Code: BIO154

Topics: Biology, Microscope, Biology Practical, bacteria, virus