Fluid & electrolyte balance by Meka Ijeoma PDF free download

Topics: Osmolality, body fluid compartment, Body Water Content, Fluid Compartments, Electrolyte Concentration, Extracellular Fluids, Intracellular Fluids, Water Balance, ECF Osmolality, Body fluid Osmolality, Regulation of Water Output, Influence of ADH, Disorders of Water Balance, Edema, Electrolyte Balance, Central Role of Sodium, Regulation of Sodium Balance, Aldosterone, Regulation of Potassium Balance, Influence of Plasma Potassium Concentration

Topics: Renal Osmolality, EXTRACELLULAR FLUID VOLUME, Renal regulation, ECF Volume, blood osmolality, ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE, TUBULOGLOMERULAR FEEDBACK, GLOMERULOTUBULAR BALANCE, SODIUM HANDLING, ALDOSTERONE EFFECTS, Renal tubules, Aldosterone Secretion

Topics: Blood, Physiology, red blood cell morphology, red blood cell, Erythropoiesis, Poikilocytosis, Anisocytosis, Roleaux, Pluripotential haemopoietic stem cells, Colony Forming Unit erythrocyte, Erythropoietin, folic acid, iron, Pluripotential haemopoietic stem cells, Blood transfusion, anaemia, platelets, thrombocytes, white blood cell, Neutrophils, Cortisol hormone, eosinophils, Basophils, Lymphocytes, Monocyte, reticulocyte, myelopoiesis, Chemotaxis, Opsonization, Diapedesis, Phagocytosis, Leukaemia, Leukopenia, blood group, Rhesus factor, Agglutinin, blood fluid compartments, Agglutinin, intracellular fluid, Hyponatraemia, Hypernatraemia, Hypokalaemia, biological rhythm, Transmembrane protein, membrane transport, passive transport, active transport, haemoglobin level, haemoglobin disease, anemia, biological potentials, resting membrane potential, action potential, cell, osmolality, nerve impulse conduction, synaptic transmission, neuromuscular transmission, neurotransmitters

Topics: Body Fluid Compartments, Osmolality, body fluid volumes, Osmosis, Tonicity of fluids, Sodium regulation

Topics: Catalytic Activity, Isoenzymes, enzymology, enzyme activity, Liver Enzymes, Aspartate Transaminase, Alkaline Phosphatase, Gamma-glutamyl transferase, Lactate Dehydrogenase, CREATINE KINASE, creatine phosphokinase, Aldolase, Amylase, Macroamylasemia, lipase, Acid Phosphatase, Tumour markers

Topics: Medical Physiology, Cell Signaling, Membrane Transport, Membrane Potential, Physiologic Regulation, plasma membrane structure, Solute Transport Mechanisms, Resting Membrane Potential, cellular signaling, neuromuscular physiology, nervous function, nervous system, action potential synaptic transmission, neurotransmission, Sensory Physiology, sensory system, somatosensory system, visual system, auditory system, vestibular system, Gustatory Systems, Olfactory Systems, motor system, autonomic nervous system, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Sympathetic Nervous System, Autonomic Integration, Hypothalamus, Brain Electrical Activity, Higher Cognitive Skills, Skeletal Smooth Muscle, Smooth Muscle, Motor Neurons, Excitation, Skeletal Muscle Metabolism, Skeletal Muscle Contraction, Muscle Plasticity, Epigenetics, Endocrine Muscle, Smooth Muscle, blood immunology, blood composition, blood function, Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, Platelet Formation, Blood Cell Formation, Blood Clotting, Immunology, Organ Interaction, Homeostasis, Immune System Activation, Immune Detection System, Immune System Defenses, Acute Inflammation, Chronic Inflammation, Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Organ Transplantation, Immunology, Immunologic Disorders, Neuroendoimmunology, cardiovascular physiology, Hemodynamics, Cardiac Muscle Mechanics, Cardiac Pump, Cardiac Cycle, Cardiac Excitation–Contraction Coupling, Cardiac Performance, Cardiac Output, Systemic Circulation, Arterial Pressure Measurement, Central Blood Volume, Microcirculation, Lymphatic System, Coronary Circulation, Cerebral Circulation, Hepatic Circulation, Skeletal Muscle Circulation, Cutaneous Circulation, Fetal Circulation, Placental Circulation, Circulatory Shock, respiratory physiology, ventilation, Spirometry, Lung Volumes, Minute Ventilation, Airway Resistance, Gas Transfer, Diffusing Capacity, Pulmonary Circulation, Ventilation, body fluids, Kidney Function, nephron, Renal Blood Flow, Glomerular Filtration, Glomerular Hemodynamic Forces, Tubular Reabsorption, Tubule Secretion, Urinary Concentration Mechanisms, Electrolyte Balance, fluid balance, Acid–Base Homeostasis, gastrointestinal physiology, Salivary Secretion, Gastric Secretion, Pancreatic Secretion, Biliary Secretion, Intestinal Secretion, Carbohydrate Digestion, Carbohydrate Absorption, Water Absorption, Electrolyte Absorption, Mineral Absorption, Vitamin Absorption, Liver Functions, Immune Surveillance, Gastrointestinal Regulation, temperature regulation, exercise physiology, Heat Dissipation, Thermoregulatory Control, Heat Acclimatization, endocrine physiology, Endocrine Control Mechanisms, Hypothalamus, Pituitary Gland, Thyroid Gland, Thyroid Hormone Synthesis, Adrenal Gland, Adrenal Medulla Catecholamines, Endocrine Pancreas, Islets of Langerhans, Islet Hormone Synthesis, Insulin, Glucagon Action, Diabetes Mellitus, Plasma Calcium, Phosphate Regulation, Bone Dysfunction, reproductive physiology, Male Reproductive System, Testicular Function

Topics: ABDOMINAL PAIN, ABDOMINAL SWELLINGS, ARM PAIN, ARM SWELLINGS, Ascites, axillary swellings, Backache, breast lumps, BREAST PAIN, Chest pain, Clubbing, Confusion, comma, Constipation, convulsion, Cyanosis, cough, Deafness, Diarrhoea, Dysphagia, dizziness, Dyspnoea, Ear disorders, eye disorders, FACIAL PAIN, Facial swelling, facial ulcers, Faecal incontinence, FINGER LESIONS, FINGER PAIN, FOOT DEFORMITIES, FOOT PAIN, FOOT ULCERS, GOITRE, GROIN SWELLINGS, GUM DISORDERS, Gingival hyperplasia, Gynaecomastia, Haematemesis, Haematuria, Haemoptysis, Halitosis, hallucination, HAND DEFORMITIES, HEADACHE, Hemiplegia, Hepatomegaly, Hiccups, Hirsutism, Hypertension, Impotence, INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION, Jaundice, JAW PAIN, JAW SWELLINGS, JOINT DISORDERS, KIDNEY SWELLINGS, LEG PAIN, LEG SWELLINGS, LEG ULCERS, Lip lesions, Lymphadenopathy, Melaena, Ulceration, Muscle weakness, Muscle wasting, Nail abnormalities, Nasal discharge, NECK LUMPS, Neck pain, NIPPLE DISCHARGE, Oedema, Oliguria, Palpitation, Penile lesions, POLYURIA, Popliteal swellings, Pruritus, Pruritus ani, PYREXIA, Rectal bleeding, SCALP LESIONS, SCROTAL PAIN, Scrotal swellings, SPLENOMEGALY, shock, Steatorrhoea, Stridor, SWEATING ABNORMALITIES, Excessive sweating, Syncope, THIRST, THROAT CONDITIONS, TIREDNESS, TOE LESIONS, TONGUE DISORDERS, TREMOR, URETHRAL DISCHARGE, Urinary incontinence, URINARY RETENTION, Vaginal discharge, Voice disorders, Vomiting, Weight gain, WEIGHT LOSS, Blood urea, Hypercalcaemia, Hyperglycaemia, Hyperkalaemia, Hypokalaemia, ypernatraemia, Hyponatraemia, Hypoglycaemia, Hypocalcaemia, Hypomagnesaemia, Metabolic acidosis, Metabolic alkalosis, Respiratory acidosis, Respiratory alkalosis, Anaemia, CLOTTING DISORDERS, Leucocytosis, Leucopenia, Polycythaemia, Thrombocytopenia, Thrombocytosis

Topics: Ethics, communication, Clinical pharmacology, Environmental medicine, global health, poisoning, Palliative medicine, symptom control, Molecular cell biology, human genetics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Monitoring drug therapy, Adverse drug reactions, Drug interactions, Evidence-based medicine, maternal health, child health, accidents, trauma, conflict, catastrophe, heat injury, cold injury, drowning, air pollution, ionizing radiation, electric shock, lightning strike, smoke, noise, bioterrorism, biowarfare, Cell biology, cell structure, cell, cellular mechanisms, stem cells, human genetic analysis, chromosome, genetic disorders, population genetics, clinical genetics, genetic counselling, genomic medicine, immune system.Innate immune system, Adaptive immune system, Cell migration, HLA molecules, antigen presentation, human major histocompatibility complex, Clinical immunodeficiency, immediate hypersensitivity, allergic disease, Autoimmune disease, Organ rejection, clinical transplantation, Immune-based therapies, Water, electrolytes, Hyponatraemia, Hypernatraemia, Hypokalaemia, Hyperkalaemia, Hypomagnesaemia, Hypermagnesaemia, Hypophosphataemia, Hyperphosphataemia, Acid–base disorders, Water balance, electrolyte balance, Dietary requirements, Protein–energy malnutrition, vitamins, Fat-soluble vitamins, Water-soluble vitamins, Dietary antioxidants, Homocysteine, cardiovascular disease, B vitamins, Nutrition, Ageing, Nutritional support, obesity, Food allergy, food intolerance, alcohol, Clinical practice, Infectious diseases, tropical medicine, Sexually transmitted infections, human immunodeficiency virus, Gastrointestinal disease, Liver disease, Biliary tract disease, pancreatic disease, Haematological disease, Malignant disease, Rheumatic disease, Kidney disease, urinary tract disease, Neurological disease, Psychological medicine, Cardiovascular disease, Respiratory disease, Critical care medicine, Endocrine disease, Lipid disorder, metabolic disorder, Women's health, Skin disease, Ear disease, nose disease, throat disease, eye disease

Topics: fluid homeostasis, Isotonic dehydration, Hypertonic dehydration, Hypotonic dehydration, Hyperhydration, Isotonic hyperhydration, Hypertonic hyperhydration, Hyponatraemia, Hypernatraemia, Hyperkalaemia, Hypokalaemia

Topics: fluid dynamics, blood flow, Capillary Hydrostatic pressure, Oncotic pressure, osmotic pressure, Fluid balance disorders, Edema, Effusions, generalized edema, edema formation, Increased hydrostatic pressure, Reduced plasma osmotic pressure, Sodium retention, water retention, Congestive cardiac failure, Subcutaneous edema, ANKLE EDEMA, PITTING EDEMA, heart failure, PREIORBITAL EDEMA, PERI-ORBITAL EDEMA, Abdominal ascites, Pulmonary edema, Alveolar pulmonary edema, Edematous brain, Cerebral edema, tonsillar grooving, ELEPHANTIASIS, HYPEREMIA, CONGESTION, ACTIVE HYPEREMIA, PASSIVE HYPEREMIA, CHRONIC PULMONARY CONGESTION, PULMONARY CONGESTION, CHRONIC PASSIVE SPLENIC CONGESTION, ENLARGED HYPEREMIC SPLEEN, HEMOSTATIC DISORDERS, SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE, PERICARDIAL HEMORRHAGE, RUPTURED SPLEEN, HEMOSTASIS, ENDOTHELIUM, PLATELETS, PLATELET ADHESION, PLATELET SECRETION, PLATELET AGGREGATION, coagulation cascade, ENDOTHELIAL INJURY, HYPERCOAGULABILITY, LEIDEN MUTATION, PROTHROMBIN GENE MUTATION, HOMOCYSTEINE LEVEL, ACQUIRED THROMBOPHILIC STATES, ARTERIAL THROMBI, VENOUS THROMBOSIS, PHLEBOTHROMBOSIS, DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION, embolism, Systemic thromboembolism, AIR EMBOLISM, AMNIOTIC FLUID EMBOLISM, Bone marrow emboli, Fat emboli, INFARCTION, MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, SEPTIC SHOCK, NEUROGENIC SHOCK, OBSTRUCTIVE SHOCK, SEPTIC SHOCK SYNDROME, DISTRIBUTIVE SHOCK, HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK, CARDIOGENIC SHOCK

Topics: Professional Nursing, Nursing Practice, Health Equity, Culturally Competent Care, Health History, Physical Examination, Patient, Caregiver Teaching, Chronic Illness, Older Adults, Stress Management, Sleep, Sleep Disorders, pain, Palliative Care, End-of-Life Care, Substance Use Disorders, Inflammation, Healing, genetics, Immune Response, Transplantation, infection, cancer, Fluid Imbalance, Electrolyte Imbalance, Acid-Base Imbalance, Homeostasis, Perioperative Care, Intraoperative Care, Postoperative Care, Altered Sensory Input, Visual Problems, auditory problems, Integumentary System, Integumentary Problems, burns, Oxygenation, Ventilation, Respiratory System, Upper Respiratory Problems, Lower Respiratory Problems, Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Hematologic System, Hematologic Problems, Cardiovascular System, perfusion, hypertension, Coronary Artery Disease, Acute Coronary Syndrome, heart failure, Dysrhythmias, Inflammatory Disorders, Structural Heart, Disorders, Vascular Disorders, Gastrointestinal System, Nutritional Problems, obesity, Upper Gastrointestinal Problems, Lower Gastrointestinal Problems, Liver, Biliary Tract, Pancreas, Urinary Function, Urinary System, Renal Problems, Urologic Problems, Acute Kidney Injury, Chronic Kidney Disease, Endocrine System, Diabetes Mellitus, Endocrine Problems, Reproductive System, Breast Disorders, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Female Reproductive Problems, Male Reproductive Problems, Nervous System, Acute Intracranial Problems, stroke, Chronic Neurologic Problems, dementia, delirium, Spinal Cord Problems, Peripheral Nerve Problems, Musculoskeletal System, Musculoskeletal Trauma, Orthopedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Problems, Arthritis, Connective Tissue Diseases, Critical Care, Shock, Sepsis, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, Acute Respiratory Failure, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Emergency Nursing, Disaster Nursing, Nursing

Topics: Diagnostic Testing, Cell Injury, Inflammation, Repair, Immunopathology, Water, Electrolyte, Acid-Base, Hemodynamic Disorder, Genetic Disorder, Developmental Disorder, Environmental Pathology, Nutritional Disorders, Neoplasia, Vascular Disorders, Heart Disorders, Red Blood Cell Disorders, White Blood Cell Disorders, Lymphoid Tissue Disorders, Hemostasis Disorders, Immunohematology Disorders, Upper Respiratory Disorders, Lower Respiratory Disorders, Gastrointestinal Disorders, Hepatobiliary Disorders, Pancreatic Disorders, Ureter Disorder, Lower Urinary Tract Disorder, Male Reproductive Disorder, Female Reproductive Disorders, Breast Disorders, Endocrine Disorders, Musculoskeletal Disorders, Soft Tissue Disorders, Skin Disorders, Nervous System Disorders

Topics: ACUTE HAEMOLYTIC REACTION, IMMUNE MEDIATED PLATELET DESTRUCTION, FEBRILE NON-HAEMOLYTIC TRANSFUSION REACTIONS, ALLERGIC TRANSFUSION REACTIONS, ANAPHYLACTOID, ANAPHYLACTIC REACTION, TRANSFUSION RELATED ACUTE LUNG INJURY, delayed haemolytic reactions, Allo-immunization, post transfusion purpura, Transfusion associated graft vs host disease, transfusion associated immunomodulation, hypothermia, hypotension, transfusion associated cardiac overload, Circulatory Overload, iron overload, Citrate Toxicity, electrolyte imbalance, acid-base imbalance, bleeding tendency, embolism, transfusion transmissible infections, human immunodeficiency virus, cytomegalovirus, transfusion reactions

Topics: Blood volume, Measurement of Blood Volume, Regulation of Blood Volume, Osmoreceptors, Volume receptors, Atrial Natriuretic peptide

Topics: Water balance, body fluid compartments, osmolality, Sodium Balance, Aldosterone, Natriuretic hormone, state of hydration, total fluid balance

Topics: vaccine opposition, vaccine Hesitancy, precision medicine, clinical care, disease prevention, Diagnosis, Palliative care, End-of-life care, pain, chest discomfort, abdominal pain, headache, back pain, neck pain, Fever, Rash, Nervous System Dysfunction, syncope, dizziness, vertigo, fatigue, numbness, tingling, sensory loss, Gait disorders, confusion, Dementia, Aphasia, memory loss, sleep disorders, eye disorder, smell disorder, hearing disorder, dyspnea, cough, hemoptysis, hypoxia, cyanosis, Edema, Palpitations, Dysphagia, Nausea, vomiting, indigestion, Diarrhea, constipation, unintentional weight loss, gastrointestinal bleeding, Jaundice, abdominal swelling, interstitial cystitis, bladder pain syndrome, Azotemia, urinary abnormalities, fluid disturbances, electrolyte disturbances, hypercalcemia, hypocalcemia, acidosis, alkalosis, Eczema, Psoriasis, cutaneous infections, acne, skin disorders, Immunologically Mediated Skin Diseases, Cutaneous Drug Reactions, Photosensitivity, interpreting Peripheral Blood Smears, anemia, Polycythemia, bleeding, thrombosis, pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics, oncology, hematology, neoplastic disorders, cancer genetics, cancer cell biology, cancer treatment, skin cancer, head cancer, neck cancer, breast cancer, upper gastrointestinal tract cancer, lower gastrointestinal cancer, pancreatic cancer, Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors, Renal Cell Carcinoma, testicular cancer, Gynecologic Malignancies, Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes, Autoimmune Encephalitis, Hematopoietic Disorders, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Iron deficiency, hemoglobin disorders, Megaloblastic Anemias, Hemolytic Anemias, bone marrow failure syndrome, Polycythemia Vera, Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, Myeloid Leukemia, Acute Lymphoid Leukemia, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, plasma cell disorders, Amyloidosis, transfusion therapy, Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Coagulation Disorders, hemostasis disorders, Antiplatelet Drugs, Anticoagulant Drugs, Fibrinolytic Drugs, infectious disease, microbial genomics, Pneumonia, clinical syndromes, community-acquired infections, lung abscess, infective endocarditis, Infectious Arthritis, Osteomyelitis, Intraabdominal Infections, Intraabdominal Abscesses, Acute Infectious Diarrheal Diseases, Bacterial Food Poisoning, Clostridioides difficile Infection, Pseudomembranous Colitis, Urinary Tract Infections, Pyelonephritis, Prostatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Encephalitis, Acute Meningitis, Brain Abscess, Pneumococcal Infections, Staphylococcal Infections, Streptococcal Infections, Enterococcal Infections, Listeria monocytogenes Infections, Tetanus

Topics: hearing loss, Conductive Hearing loss, Treacher Collins syndrome, mandibulo-facial dysostosis, Ossicular anomalies, PSYCHOLOGICAL HEARING LOSS, noise induced hearing loss, ototoxicity, Senile deafness, presbyacusis, IDIOPATHIC SUDDEN SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS, sudden hearing loss, CHILDHOOD DEAFNESS, DEAF MUTISM, Neural plasticity, hearing acuity, deaf-mute, hearing aid, COCHLEAR IMPLANT, AUDITORY BRAIN STEM IMPLANT

Topics: blood, body fluids, blood composition, blood properties, blood functions, blood volume, plasma proteins, hemostasis, blood coagulation, red blood corpuscles, blood groups, blood transfusion, immune system

Topics: Blood, plasma, Erythropoiesis, Lymphopoiesis, Myelopoiesis, Granulopoiesis, Megakaryocytopoiesis, megakaryocytes, serum, Red blood cells, Red blood cell morphology, hemoglobin, Jaundice, Erythroprotein, Hemopoietic growth factor, interlukin, blood group, rhesus factor, chromosome, RH blood group, RH incompatibility, Lewis antigen, Kell system, platelets, Thrombus formation, Thromboxane A2 synthesis, Thrombocytosis, thrombocytopenia, aspirin, white blood cells, Leukocytes, Granulocyte, Monocytes, Lymphocytes, Neutrophils, Basophils, Eosinophils, Leucopoiesis, Macrophages, Diapedesis, chemotaxis, Phagocytosis, Anaemia, Erythrocytes, hemolytic, hemostasis, clotting, blood clot, fibrinogen, hemophilia, thrombocytopenia, thrombus, embolus, immunity, Innate immunity, Acquired Immunity, immunoglobulin, immune response, Humoral immunity, Cell mediated immunity

Topics: blood groups, Blood Products, Blood collection, Blood storage, blood transfusion, Blood ordering, HEMORRHAGE, BLOODLESS SURGERY, ERYTHROPOIETIN, AUTOLOGOUS BLOOD TRANSFUSION, Transfusion-related acute lung injury, COMPONENT TRANSFUSION, Packed Red Cells, Platelets Rich Plasma, Plasma