The Human Chromosome by Ibrahim PDF free download

Topics: DNA split, human karyogram, mutation, Genetic disorder, CYTOGENETIC DISORDER, AUTOSOMAL CYTOGENETIC DISORDER, down syndrome, EDWARD SYNDROME, PATAU SYNDROME, Lyonization, X-chromosome, Y-chromosome, Klinefelter's Syndrome, Testicular Dysgenesis, Male hypogonadism, Klinefelter Syndrome, Turner Syndrome, MENDELIAN DISORDER, Autosomal Dominant Disorder, Marfan Syndrome, Achondroplasia, Osteogenesis imperfecta, brittle bone disease, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Autosomal recessive disorder, X-LINKED DISORDER, Multifactorial disorder, Hereditary Cancer Syndrome, DEFECTIVE DNA REPAIR, Single-Gene Disorder, TRIPLET-REPEAT MUTATION, FRAGILE-X SYNDROME, LEBER HEREDITARY OPTIC NEUROPATHY, GENOMIC IMPRINTING

Topics: cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis, Mendel, chromosome, Chromosomal aberration, Mendelian diseases, pattern of inheritance, molecular biology, genetic code, blood group, genetic disorder, genetic counselling, cytogenesis, Y-linked disorder

Topics: Biochemistry, Water, Buffers, Acid-Base Chemistry, carbohydrates, Polysaccharides, lipids, fatty acids, amino acids, Peptides, proteins, collagen, elastin, glycoproteins, plasma proteins, Immunoglobulins, enzymes, enzyme catalysis, Enzyme Kinetics, enzyme activity, Isoenzymes, cell structure, Biological Membranes, metabolism, bioenergetics, Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, Glycogen Metabolism, Pentose Phosphate Pathway, Uronic Acid Pathway, Lipid Metabolism, Adipose Tissue Metabolism, Lipoproteins, Fatty Liver Syndrome, Atherosclerosis, Prostaglandins, Amino Acid Metabolism, Protein Metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, Electron Transport Chain, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Mitochondrial Membrane Transporters, Mitochondrial Myopathies, Diabetes Mellitus, Porphyrin, Bile Pigments, haem, Jaundice, Haemoglobin, Myoglobin, Haemoglobinopathies, anaemias, vitamins, Water-soluble Vitamins, Fat-soluble Vitamins, minerals, Mineral Deficiency, Nucleic Acid Chemistry, Nucleotide Metabolism, Purine Metabolism, nucleotides, Pyrimidine Metabolism, Molecular Biology, DNA Structure, Genetic Role, Genetic Replication, Genetic Recombination, genetic code, protein targeting, Prokaryotic Gene Expression, Molecular Genetics, genetic diseases, Eukaryotic Chromosome, Gene Expression, DNA Amplification, DNA Cloning, Blotting Techniques, Nucleotide Probes, DNA Library, Recombinant DNA Technology, Genetic Engineering, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Gastrointestinal Pathobiochemistry, digestion, absorption, organ function test, liver function test, Free Radical Scavenger Systems, free radicals, energy metabolism, energy nutrition, calorific values, balanced diet, Biochemical Endocrinology, Hormone Receptors, neurotransmitters, hormones, Hypothalamus-pituitary System, Hypothalamic Hormones, Gastrointestinal Hormones, androgens, oestrogens, progesterone, Calcium, phosphorus, cancer, Oncoproteins, immunology, Tumor Markers, Antigens, Immunogens, immune system, immune responses, Immunoglobulins, Immunological Techniques, Immunologic Dysfunction, thyroid function tests, adrenal function tests, renal function tests

Topics: Sickle cell, TRISOMY OF AUTOSOMES, Aneuploidy, Down syndrome, Triple x syndrome, MONOSOMY OF GONOSOMES, MICRODELETIONS

Topics: toxic insult, acute inflammation, chronic inflammation, tissue renewal, tissue repair, tissue regeneration, Hemodynamic Disorders, Thromboembolic Disease, Shock, Genetic Disorders, immune system, neoplasia, Infectious Diseases, Environmental Diseases, Nutritional Diseases, Diseases of infancy, Diseases of childhood, systemic pathology, blood vessels, heart, Diseases of White Blood Cells, Diseases of Lymph Nodes, Diseases of Spleen, Diseases of Thymus, Red Blood Cell Disorders, Bleeding Disorders, head, neck, Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, Biliary Tract, pancreas, kidney, Lower Urinary Tract, Male Genital System, Female Genital Tract, Endocrine System, breast, Bones, Joints, Soft-Tissue Tumors, skin, Peripheral Nerve, Skeletal Muscle, Central Nervous System, eye

Topics: genome, Cellular Housekeeping, Cellular Metabolism, Mitochondrial Function, Cellular Activation, Signal Transduction Pathways, Growth Factors, Growth Receptors, Extracellular Matrix, toxic insult, cell injury, necrosis, apoptosis, intracellular accumulation, cellular aging, inflammation, repair, acute inflammation, chronic inflammation, tissue repair, Hemodynamic Disorders, Thromboembolic Disease, Shock, Edema, Effusions, Hyperemia, Congestion, Hemostasis, Hemorrhagic Disorders, Thrombosis, Infarction, embolism, genetic disorders, gene, Mendelian disorders, complex multigenic disorders, chromosomal disorders, Single-Gene Disorders, Molecular Genetic Diagnosis, immune system, hypersensitivity, Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Amyloidosis, neoplasia, Carcinogenic Agents, neoplasm, infectious diseases, viral infections, bacterial infections, fungal infections, parasitic infections, Environmental Pollution, effects of tobacco, effects of alchohol, Nutritional Diseases, Congenital Anomalies, Prematurity, Fetal Growth Restriction, Perinatal Infections, Fetal Hydrops, genetic disorders, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, Systemic Pathology, Vascular Structure, Vascular function, Vascular Anomalies, Hypertensive Vascular Disease, Arteriosclerosis, Atherosclerosis, Aneurysms, Dissection, Vasculitis, Vascular Tumors, Vascular Intervention, Heart Failure, Congenital Heart Disease, Ischemic Heart Disease, Arrhythmias, Hypertensive Heart Disease, Valvular Heart Disease, Cardiomyopathies, Pericardial Disease, Cardiac Transplantation, Leukopenia, spleen, thymus, anemia, polycythemia, bleeding disorders, red blood cell disorders, Hemorrhagic Diatheses, Congenital Anomalies, Atelectasis, Pulmonary Edema, Acute Lung Injury, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Diffuse Alveolar Damage, Obstructive Lung Diseases, Chronic Diffuse Interstitial Diseases, Pulmonary Infections, Lung Transplantation, tumors, pleura, head, neck, heart, Nasopharynx, nose, Inflammatory Lesions, Otosclerosis, Thyroglossal Duct Cyst, Paraganglioma, Carotid Body Tumor, Sialadenitis, Congenital Abnormalities, Diaphragmatic Hernia, Omphal

Topics: EMBROLOGY, Neural crest cell, Germ layers, Fertilization, embryo, Genetic codon, Chromatin, pattern of inheritance, sickle cell, Cell, organelles, inter-cellular junctions, neurons

Topics: Cell Injury, Cellular Adaptations, Cellular Ageing, Immunopathology, Amyloidosis, immune system, immunity, inflammation, healing, infectious disease, parasitic diseases, neoplasia, environmental disease, nutritional disease, genetic diseases, paediatric diseases, Haematopoietic System, Disorders of Erythroid Series, Disorders of Platelets, Bleeding Disorders, Transfusion Medicine, Disorders of Leucocytes, Lymphoreticular Tissues, Blood Vessels, Lymphatics, systemic pathology, heart, VASCULITIS, ANEURYSMS, heart failure, Congenital heart disease, Ischaemic heart disease, Hypertensive heart disease, Cor pulmonale, Rheumatic fever, RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE, NON-BACTERIAL THROMBOTIC ENDOCARDITIS, MYOCARDIAL DISEASES, PERICARDIAL DISEASES, PAEDIATRIC LUNG DISEASE, PULMONARY VASCULAR DISEASE, PULMONARY INFECTIONS, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, CHRONIC RESTRICTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, lung tumor, DISEASES OF PLEURA, eye, ear, ENT, Neck, Oral Cavity, Salivary Glands, ORAL SOFT TISSUES, TEETH, PERIODONTAL TISSUES, Gastrointestinal Tract, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, appendix, large bowel, peritoneum, Liver, Biliary Tract, Exocrine Pancreas, Kidney, Lower Urinary Tract, Male Reproductive System, Prostate, TESTIS, EPIDIDYMIS, penis, Female Genital Tract, MYOMETRIUM, ENDOMETRIUM, fallopian tube, ovary, plcenta, NON-NEOPLASTIC CONDITIONS, breast tumor, Dermatosis, DERMATOSES, tumors, tumor-like lesion, skin, PITUITARY GLAND, adrenal GLAND, thyroid, parathyroid GLAND, endocrine pancreas, endocrine system, skeletal system, joints, skeletal muscles, Soft Tissue Tumours, nervous system, central nervous system, peripheral nervous system

Topics: Fuel metabolism, Nutrition, Organic Chemistry, Acid–Base Chemistry, Amino Acids, Protein Structure and Function, Enzyme Kinetics, Gene Expression, Synthesis of Proteins, Regulation of Gene Expression, Cell Biology, Signal Transduction, Molecular Biology of Cancer, Generation of ATP from Metabolic Fuels, Oxygen Toxicity, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Lipid Metabolism, Ethanol Metabolism, Nitrogen Metabolism–Amino Acids, Purines, Pyrimidines, Products Derived from Amino Acids, Endocrinology, Genetics

Topics: Cellular Pathology, Inflammation, Repair, Hemodynamic Disorders, Genetic Disorders, Immune System Diseases, Neoplastic Disorders, Infectious Diseases, Environmental Diseases, Nutritional Diseases, Diseases of Infancy, Diseases of Childhood, Hematopathology of White Blood Cells, blood vessels, heart, Hematopathology, Hemato pathology of Red Blood Cells, Bleeding Disorders, lung, head, neck, Gastrointestinal Tract, liver, biliary tract, pancreas, kidney, lower urinary tract, male genital system, female genital tract, breast, endocrine system, skin, bones, joints, soft tissue muscle, Central Nervous System, eye

Topics: Ethics, communication, Clinical pharmacology, Environmental medicine, global health, poisoning, Palliative medicine, symptom control, Molecular cell biology, human genetics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Monitoring drug therapy, Adverse drug reactions, Drug interactions, Evidence-based medicine, maternal health, child health, accidents, trauma, conflict, catastrophe, heat injury, cold injury, drowning, air pollution, ionizing radiation, electric shock, lightning strike, smoke, noise, bioterrorism, biowarfare, Cell biology, cell structure, cell, cellular mechanisms, stem cells, human genetic analysis, chromosome, genetic disorders, population genetics, clinical genetics, genetic counselling, genomic medicine, immune system.Innate immune system, Adaptive immune system, Cell migration, HLA molecules, antigen presentation, human major histocompatibility complex, Clinical immunodeficiency, immediate hypersensitivity, allergic disease, Autoimmune disease, Organ rejection, clinical transplantation, Immune-based therapies, Water, electrolytes, Hyponatraemia, Hypernatraemia, Hypokalaemia, Hyperkalaemia, Hypomagnesaemia, Hypermagnesaemia, Hypophosphataemia, Hyperphosphataemia, Acid–base disorders, Water balance, electrolyte balance, Dietary requirements, Protein–energy malnutrition, vitamins, Fat-soluble vitamins, Water-soluble vitamins, Dietary antioxidants, Homocysteine, cardiovascular disease, B vitamins, Nutrition, Ageing, Nutritional support, obesity, Food allergy, food intolerance, alcohol, Clinical practice, Infectious diseases, tropical medicine, Sexually transmitted infections, human immunodeficiency virus, Gastrointestinal disease, Liver disease, Biliary tract disease, pancreatic disease, Haematological disease, Malignant disease, Rheumatic disease, Kidney disease, urinary tract disease, Neurological disease, Psychological medicine, Cardiovascular disease, Respiratory disease, Critical care medicine, Endocrine disease, Lipid disorder, metabolic disorder, Women's health, Skin disease, Ear disease, nose disease, throat disease, eye disease

Topics: Community Medicine, Epidemiological Triad, Epidemiological Wheel, Epidemiological Studies, General Epidemiology, Epidemiological Study, Cohort Study, Therapeutic Trials, Clinical Trials, Ventilation, Air, water, Water Supply, Water Purification, Swimming Pool Hygiene, Housing, soil, Wastes, Refuse Disposal, Excreta Disposal, Sewerage System, Sullage Disposal, Physical Environment, Occupational Health, Physicochemical Agents, Physical Agents, Gastrointestinal Tract, Offensive Trades, offensive Occupations, Occupational Diseases, Occupational Hazards, Occupational Health Legislation, Employees State Insurance Act, Environmental Pollution, Air Pollution, Water Pollution, Radioactive Pollution, Thermal Pollution, Noise Pollution, Biological Environment, Rodents, Arthropods, Insect Control, Social Environment, Social Sciences, Cultural Anthropology, Social Psychology, Defense Mechanisms, Genetic Constitution, Nutritional Status, Psychological State, Personality, Communicable Diseases, Respiratory Infections, Viral Infections, Bacterial Infections, Water borne Infections, Food-borne Infections, Alimentary borne Infections, Cholera, Diarrhea, Food Poisoning, Enteric Fever, Brucellosis, Bacillary Dysentery, Shigellosis, Amebiasis, Giardiasis, Balantidiasis, Viral Hepatitis, Poliomyelitis, Contact Diseases, leprosy, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Venereal Diseases, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Trachoma, Fungus Infection, Arthropod-borne Diseases, malaria, Filariasis, Arboviruses, Yellow Fever, Chikungunya Fever, dengue, Japanese Encephalitis, Sandfly Fever, Leishmaniasis, Plague, Kyasanur Forest Disease, Epidemic Typhus, Trench Fever, Scrub Typhus, Tsutsugamushi Fever, Tick Typhus, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, Relapsing Fever, Noncommunicable Diseases, Food, Nutrition, Biostatistics, Research Methodology, Demography, Vital Statistics, Health Planning, Health Administration, Health Management, Health Economics, Maternal health, Child Health, Family Planning, Population Policy, School Health Services, Geriatrics, Mental Health, International Health, Biomedical Waste Management

Topics: Microscopy, Staining, Prokaryotic cells, Eukaryotic Cells, Metabolism, Bacteria, culturing, Microbial Genetics, Gene Transfer, Genetic Engineering, Taxonomy, viruses, Eukaryotic Microorganisms, Sterilization, Disinfection, Antimicrobial Therapy, Host-Microbe Relationships, Disease Processes, Epidemiology, Nosocomial Infections, Innate Host Defenses, Adaptive Immunity, Immunization, Immune Disorders, Urogenital Transmitted Diseases, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Respiratory System, Oral Diseases, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Cardiovascular Diseases, Lymphatic Diseases, Systemic Diseases, Nervous System, Environmental Microbiology, Applied Microbiology

Topics: cancerous cells, Hematoxylin stain, eosin stain, Cell Cycle Checkpoints, Cyclins, Tumor Cells, Programmed Cell Death, Oncogenes, Tumor-Inducing Retroviruses, Viral Oncogenes, Rous sarcoma virus, Proto-Oncogenes, Viral Oncogenes, Normal Ras Protein Signaling, Mutant Ras Protein, Chromosome Rearrangements, Philadelphia Chromosome, Burkitt’s Lymphoma, Knudson’s Two-Hit Hypothesis, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Apoptosis, T-DNA transfer

Topics: Cell Injury, Cell Death, Adaptation, inflammation, repair, hemodynamic disorders, Thromboembolic Disease, shock, genetic disorders, immune system, neoplasia, infectious disease, environmental diseases, Nutritional Diseases, Diseases of Infancy, Diseases of Childhood, Hematopathology of White Blood Cells, blood vessels, heart, Hematopathology, Hemato pathology of Red Blood Cells, Bleeding Disorders, lung, head, neck, Gastrointestinal Tract, liver, biliary tract, pancreas, kidney, lower urinary tract, male genital system, female genital tract, breast, endocrine system, skin, bones, joints, soft tissue muscle, Central Nervous System, eye

Topics: Gene, Genetic variation, Heredity, Genome, Phenotype, Genotype, Genotypic variation, DNA structure, RNA Structure, DNA, RNA, Bacterial chromosome.Transposons, Jumping genes, plasmid, Gene Expression, Protein synthesis, GENETIC VARIATION, mutation, GENETIC EXCHANGE, Mutagenes

Topics: genetic counselling, genetic analytical techniques, cytogenetic investigations, molecular genetic techniques, chorionic villus sampling, aminocentesis, percutaneous umbilical blood sampling, cordocentesis, preimplantation genetic diagnosis, embryoscopy, fetoscopy, percutaneous skin biopsy, fetal muscle, liver biopsy, muscle biopsy, fetal visualization, ultrasonography, fetal echocardiography, CT scanning, stem cell therapy, gene therapy, stem cell fetal therapy

Topics: Organ Systems, Cells, Organelles, Microbiota, Organ Systems, Water, Acids, Bases, Buffers, H+ Concentration, Disorders of Protein Misfolding, Protein Structure, Precursor Proteins, active protein, Proteolysis, Protease Inhibitors, Protein Folding, Autophagy, Protein Misfolding, Fibrillogenic Diseases, Chemical Kinetics, Thermodynamics, Enzymes, Enzyme RegulationActive Site, Enzyme–Substrate Complex, Michaelis–Menten Model, Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions, Irreversible Inhibition, Inhibition, Clinical Enzymology, Biomarkers of Tissue Injury, Tissue Injury, Serum, Plasma Markers, Tissue Damage, Simple Carbohydrates, Simple Carbohydrates, Heteropolysaccharides, Glycoconjugates, Glycoproteins, Glycolipids, Cell Membrane Constituents, Cell-Surface Glycoproteins, Serum Glycoproteins, Connective Tissue, Fibrous Protein, Nonfibrous Protein, Proteoglycan, Gastrointestinal Digestion, Gastrointestinal Absorption, Gastrointestinal Tract, Gastrointestinal Hormones, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Glycolysis, Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle, Glycolysis, Pyruvate Metabolism, Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle, Electron Transport Chain, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Oxygen-Consuming Systems, Mitochondrial Structure, Mitochondrial Genome, Respiratory Chain Expression, Mitochondrial Diseases, Gluconeogenesis, Glycogen Synthesis, glycogen Breakdown, Alternative Pathways, Hexose Interconversion, Amino Acid Metabolism, Metabolism of Ammonia, Lipid, fatty acid, Eicosanoid, Fatty Acid Oxidation, Unsaturated Fatty Acid, Trans-Fatty Acid, Essential Fatty Acid, Phospholipids, Glycosphingolipids, Cholesterol, Phosphatidylcholine, Phosphosphingolipid, Catabolism, Storage Disorders of Sphingolipids, Sphingolipids, Acetyl-Coa, Hmg-Coa, Plasma Lipoprotein, Contractile Systems, Muscle Systems, Nonmuscle Systems, Energy Metabolism, Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, Chromosomes, Chromatin, DNA, Recombinant DNA Technology, DNA Replication, DNA Repair, DNA Mutation, Protein Synthesis, RNA, Messenger RNA, Prokaryotic Transcription, Genetic Code, tRNA Molecule, Ribosomes, Gene Expression, mRNA Synthesis, Gene Regulation, Nucleotide Metabolism

Topics: Prenatal diagnosis, chromosomal anomalies, Down’s syndrome, Down syndrome screening, Aneuploidy, Nuchal translucency, maternal serum screening, B hCG, PAPP-A, Pregnancy associated plasma protein A, Unconjugated estriol, uE3, ultrasound, Embryoscopy, fetoscopy, RhD isoimmunization, neural tube defects, Non invasive prenatal testing, Non invasive prenatal diagnosis, cffDNA, hydrops, Anencephaly, microcephaly, Spina bifida, micrognathia, Facial defects, Duodenal atresia, hydronephrosis, genitourinary anomalies, renal anomalies, Encephalocoele

Topics: Genetic Disorders, Sex Chromosome Abnormalities, Urogenital System, Congenital Anomalies, Genital Tract, Breast, normal pregnancy, labor, delivery, Neonatal Physiology, fetal physiology, Maternal Physiology, Newborn Assessment, Newborn Care, Puerperium, pregnancy risk, Late Pregnancy Complications, Congenital Fetal Infections, Disproportionate Fetal Growth, Multiple Gestation, Third-Trimester Vaginal Bleeding, Malpresentation, Cord Prolapse, Operative Delivery, Postpartum Hemorrhage, Abnormal Puerperium, Neonatal Resuscitation, Critical Care Obstetrics, Obstetric Analgesia, Obstetric Anesthesia, Surgical Disorders, Hypertension, Pulmonary Disorders, cardiac disorders, Urinary Tract Disorders, Gastrointestinal Disorders, Dermatologic Disorders, Diabetes Mellitus, Gynecologic History, Gynecologic examination, Pediatric Gynecology, Adolescent Gynecology, Uterine Bleeding, Menstruation, Urinary Incontinence, Pelvic Floor Disorders, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Pelvic Infections, Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Gynecologic Oncology